K2—sometimes
called “genie” or “Zohai”—is a substance chemically similar to pot. Its key
ingredient, JWH-018, is a synthetic cannabinoid that mimics marijuana’s euphoria-causing
agent THC.
Clemson
University chemist John W. Huffman developed the chemical in 1995 for purely
experimental purposes, but its legitimacy and availability made it a popular
alternative to marijuana.
The chemical is
sprayed on herbs and sold as an incense called “spice”, but is more often
smoked to get high—JWH can be up to five times more potent than marijuana.
Little is known
about the actual effects of the drug, but some users have reported
hallucinations, vomiting and high blood pressure. Others say it’s one of the
best highs they’ve ever experienced. The drug is unregulated, which may explain
why some users have experienced adverse effects. You can never be sure of what
you’ll get.
Legislators and
concerned parents continue to squabble about its legitimacy, but for now it’s
still legal in most states. Huffman told The Observer he’s just surprised it didn’t catch on
sooner.
"I've come
to the conclusion,” he says, “that if an enterprising person wants to find a
new way to get high, they're going to do it."
The bottom line
is that more investigation is needed to determine the effects of the drug’s
use. Read the original article on K2 in Newsweek, or see Huffman’s interview in The
Observer.
An online survey
conducted by the American Psychiatric Association reported three out of
five workers expressed concern that mental health counseling would threaten
professional status. More than 2,000 adults participated in the study; 1,129
were employed full- or part-time.
Although 40
percent of respondents said their employers were supportive of employee health
treatment, others said their employers were less supportive of health services, more so for those concerning mental health.
Participants
affected by drug addiction, alcoholism and depression were most concerned.
People with diabetes and heart disease were shortly behind.
According to a
report in Research Works,
a publication of the Partnership for Workplace Mental Health (PWMH), there is a
high prevalence of these conditions in the workplace.
“The majority
(about two thirds) of people with symptoms of clinical criteria for having
mental and substance use disorders do not receive any treatment at all for these
conditions,” wrote report author Mark Attridge, PhD. In addition to job
security and professional status, confidentiality was another concern for
employees.
Researchers say
that employee access to quality mental health and addiction services is needed.
They suggest that the workplace promote promotion and intervention, and that
employers make sure employees know how to access their benefits. They also
encourage employers to be supportive and to reassure workers of
confidentiality.
Dr. Alan
Axelson, PWMH council chairman, stresses the importance of encouraging
employees to take care of their mental and physical health, and explains that
it can benefit employers as well.
“Research
supports the fact that when people receive needed care, they are healthier and
more productive,” he said in a press release, “Employers realize the return on
their healthcare investment.”
She explains that worry about the future and inability to take action are just a few reasons employees may find worry over potential job loss nerve-racking. “When you consider that not only income but so many of the important benefits that give Americans some piece of mind—including health insurance and retirement benefits—are tied to employment for most people, it's understandable that persistent job insecurity is so stressful.”
Information for both studies was obtained during periods of economic uncertainty. Participants were asked to evaluate their current state of health and their likelihood of job loss. Phone interviews (and questionnaires between interviews) using a five-point scale—1 being “poor” and 5 being “excellent”—enabled researchers to track certain changes. The strongest association with health problems was linked to people who were catergorized as “persistently insecure.”
“Job insecurity is nothing new,” Burgard says, “but the numbers experiencing persistent job insecurity could be considerably higher during this global recession, so these findings could apply much more broadly today than they did even a few years ago.”
Job insecurity can cause a variety of adverse physical, mental and emotional health complications. Short-term and prolonged stress can weaken the immune system, cause headaches, raise heart rate, increase anxiety, and cause skin and stomach problems.
If this stress is not dealt with, it can lead to greater heart problems (such as heart attack or high blood pressure), emotional disorders/depression, asthma, and stroke. In some cases, substance abuse may result from using alcohol or drugs as a coping mechanism. In one of the groups, prolonged stress due to job insecurity was a greater predictor of employee health than smoking or high blood pressure.
Find out more about how to cope with stress or visit Healia's Stress Management Community.
The New York medical examiner’s office reported today that Heath Ledger’s sudden death was attributed to an accidental overdose of prescription medications including painkillers, anti-anxiety drugs, and sleeping pills. Heath Ledger, a 28-year old actor best known for his Oscar-nominated role in the 2005 film "Brokeback Mountain”, died January 22, 2008 in a New York apartment.
Heath Ledger prescription medications drug interactions
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